Cyprus commemorates 66 years of independence from British colonial rule
Cyprus marks the 66th anniversary of its independence today, established on August 16, 1960, ending 82 years under British colonial rule. The Republic of Cyprus was founded following the Zurich and London agreements signed in 1959 by Britain, Greece, Turkey, and representatives of Greek and Turkish Cypriots. Archbishop Makarios became the first president, with Fazil Kucuk as vice-president, symbolizing the new bi-communal state.
The complex settlement aimed to balance power between Greek and Turkish Cypriots, featuring detailed constitutional provisions to prevent dominance by either community. Under the Treaty of Establishment, Britain retained sovereignty over military bases at Akrotiri and Dhekelia. Defence treaties allowed Greek and Turkish military presence, while the Treaty of Guarantee ensured Cyprus’s independence and territorial integrity.
The transition from colonial rule was finalized on August 16, 1960, marked by a ceremony where the British flag was lowered, and the new republic’s flag was raised. While August 16 remains the formal anniversary, Cyprus observes its national Independence Day on October 1.
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